Tracing Family Traits Using a Genogram The （跟踪家庭使用Genogram特征）.pdf

Tracing Family Traits Using a Genogram Cynthia Doxey Green, Ph.D. What is a Genogram? The genogram is a pictorial graph of the structure and characteristics of a family across three or more generations. The genogram will not replace traditional Pedigree Charts and Family Group Records for use in genealogical research, but it can provide a way to look beneath the surface of names, dates, and places so that genealogists can recognize family characteristics and patterns. The genogram “illustrates graphically that relationships are ongoing, that families have histories, and that the family history influences each family member’s present as well as his/her future” (Bahr, 1990). Characteristics carried from one generation to another are also called generational transmissions , and can be illustrated on a genogram with symbols. These transmissions can be genetic, such as inherited diseases or physical characteristics, or they can come from environmental or social influences, such as traditions from a family’s cultural heritage, religion, or communication patterns, and beliefs about the world. Genograms have been used for assessing families in clinical settings such as marriage therapy, health care, and social work (McGoldrick Gerson, 1985; Nelson-Anderson Waters, 1998). Genograms have also been applied in education and religious counseling (Bahr, 1990). A greater interest in genetic and medical histories has prompted the use of genograms in organizing and illustrating genealogical data (Krasner- Khait, 2000). Genograms can also be used for the purpose of engendering a sense of identity and kinship, to promote an interest in genealogical research (Doxey, 1993). Benefits of Making a Genogram By seeing family patterns on a genogram, individuals may realize their personal identity more fully by seeing themselves as part of a greater family network, and by observing family values