The application of laminar kinetic energy to （的应用层流动能）.pdf

Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer 6 K. Hanjalic, Y. Nagano and S. Jakirlic (Editors) ´ ´ c 2009 Begell House, Inc. The application of laminar kinetic energy to laminar- turbulent transition prediction C. Turner1 and R. Prosser2 1Department of MACE, University of Manchester, PO Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, UK, clare.turner@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk 2Department of MACE, University of Manchester, PO Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, UK, robert.prosser@manchester.ac.uk Abstract — This paper presents the initial steps taken in order to determine the most effective method to predict flows in a transitional regime, which can then be applied to the rear wing of a Formula 1 vehicle. Recent literature [1][2] suggests that incorporation of laminar kinetic energy is a promising method of transition prediction for industrial requirements. Two models incorporating laminar kinetic energy are implemented in an industrial finite volume code for validation and to investigate possible improvements for the final application. Additionally, several low-Reynolds number eddy-viscosity models are tested for a flat plate subjected to a turbulence intensity sufficiently high for bypass transition. The skin-friction coefficients are compared with experimental results and the fully turbulent profiles are examined. Al- though the physics of laminar kinetic energy are not completely understood at present, the results suggest that the modeling of it simulates additional physics within a boundary layer. The work is ongoing. 1. Introduction CFD has become recognized as a useful tool for design within the aerospace industry. However the phenomenon of laminar-turbulent transition cannot be captured by high-Reynolds number turbulence models. This problem is also encountered in Formula 1 racing, where the large disturbances in the free-stream and their subjection to large pressure gradients can lead to bypass transit