病生论文（Sick thesis）.docVIP

病生论文（Sick thesis） Heart failure (heart, failure) is a structural or functional disease of the heart that leads to ventricular filling and / or ejection The loss of blood capacity may cause dyspnea and weakness, resulting in limited physical activity and edema, which can cause cardiogenic shock Pathogeny One inducement Infection: respiratory tract infection is the most common cause of the most important infectious endocarditis as inducement of heart failure is not uncommon because of its insidious onset and missed diagnosis Arrhythmias: atrial fibrillation is one of the most common factors of arrhythmia organic heart disease arrhythmia induced heart failure is the most important and various other types of serious arrhythmia can induce heart failure Increased blood volume: excessive intake of sodium salt, excessive infusion of fluids, etc. Excessive physical exertion or emotional agitation, such as late pregnancy and childbirth, rage, etc Improper treatment: such as inappropriate withdrawal of diuretics or antihypertensive drugs The original heart disease is aggravated or complicated by other diseases, such as coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, rheumatic heart valve disease, rheumatic activity, hyperthyroidism or anemia Two etiology classification From a pathophysiological point of view: (primary myocardial damage) Ischemic myocardial damage: coronary heart disease, myocardial ischemia and / or myocardial infarction is one of the most common causes of heart failure; Myocarditis and cardiomyopathy: all types of myocarditis and cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure, which is most common in viral myocarditis and primary dilated cardiomyopathy; Myocardial metabolic disorder: diabetes cardiomyopathy is the most common, other secondary to hyperthyroidism or reduced cardiomyopathy, myocardial amyloidosis, and so on () heart overload Pressure overload: found in hypertension, aortic stenosis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary stenosis and other diseases; Capacit