甲肝（hepatitis A）.docVIP

甲肝（hepatitis A） A viral hepatitis, referred to as hepatitis A and hepatitis A, is caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV) and is characterized by inflammatory diseases of the liver, Mainly through the fecal oral route, clinically, fatigue, anorexia, hepatomegaly, liver dysfunction as the main performance, some patients had jaundice, The main manifestation is acute hepatitis, asymptomatic infection is common. The disease can be found at any age, but mainly for children and adolescents. Clinical symptoms of hepatitis A in adults Generally heavier than children. Winter and spring are often the peak of hepatitis A. The disease is self limiting, without causing chronic and acute severe hepatitis A Rare, with the use of inactivated vaccines worldwide, the prevalence of hepatitis A has been effectively controlled. Etiology: hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a member of the family of small RNAs, belonging to the genus RNA. HAV strong resistance, can withstand 56, 30 minutes, Room temperature for one week. In dry stools, it can survive for 30 days at 25 DEG C and live for months in shellfish, sewage, fresh water, sea water, and soil. This stability pair HAV is very beneficial through water and food transmission. High pressure steam (121 DEG C, 20 min), boiled for five min, UV irradiation, formalin (1:4000,37 DEG C) Potassium Permanganate (30mg/L), 72 hours, 5 minutes), iodine (3mg/L, 5 minutes), chlorine (free chlorine 2.0-2.5mg/L, 15 minutes), 70% alcohol 25 C HAV can be inactivated effectively in 3 minutes. Epidemiology: A infection source: hepatitis A and asymptomatic infection are the source of infection. Hepatitis A patients only excreted pathogens from faeces, and HAV in blood 14-21 days before the onset of jaundice, the patients blood is contagious and has been reported to be transmitted by blood transfusion, but the patients blood is usually not transmitted after the jaundice Dyeing. The overwhelming majority of patients with hepatitis A were acute, without jaundice, accounting f