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Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic in energyPRO(太阳能集热器和光伏energyPRO)
Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic in energyPRO with array shading
September 2013
Version 1
Solar Collectors and Photovoltaic
in energyPRO
EMD International A/S, Niels Jernesvej 10, 9220 Aalborg Ø, tel: 9635 4444, fax: 9635 4446, email: emd@emd.dk, www.emd.dk
Table of content
1. Introduction 3
2. User interface 3
2.1 Flat plate solar collector and evacuated tube solar collector 4
2.2 Photovoltaic 7
2.3 Location on Time series 8
2.4 Array shading 9
3. Method of calculation 10
3.1 Definitions 10
3.2 External conditions 11
3.3 Radiation on solar collector or photovoltaic 11
3.3.1 Beam radiation 12
True Solar Time 13
3.3.2 Diffuse radiation 14
3.3.3 Reflected radiation 14
3.3.4 Total radiation 15
3.4 Array shading 15
3.4.1 Beam radiation 15
3.4.2 Diffuse radiation 17
3.4.3 Reflected radiation 18
3.5 Solar Collector 19
3.6 Photovoltaic 22
EMD International A/S, Niels Jernesvej 10, 9220 Aalborg Ø, tel: 9635 4444, fax: 9635 4446, email: emd@emd.dk, Web: www.emd.dk 2
Introduction
1. Introduction
In energyPRO you do of course have the possibility to model a solar collector or a photovoltaic as a
user defined unit, by entering your own formulas correlating the external conditions (e.g. solar radi-
ation and ambient temperature) to the productions. But the formulas are quite complex, therefore we
offer in energyPRO models of a solar collector unit and a photovoltaic unit, including array shad-
ing. Setting up the units is based on time series with solar radiation and ambient temperature, in-
formation about location, orientation and performance (f
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