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Scan tool basics Linn–Benton Community College(扫描工具基础Linn-Benton社区学院)
Scan Tool Basics
This will help you prepare for the NC3 – Snap‐on Scan Tool Certification .
Front‐Door vs Back‐Door Diagnostics
To diagnose a computer control system you can go to the “Front Door” or the
“Back Door”. The Front Door is where sensor data (input) enters and actuator
data (output) leaves the computer. You go in the Back Door by using a scan tool
to find what the computer is thinking.
Diagnosis often starts at the Back Door. The back door is found at the data link
connector (DLC) where you connect the scan tool to the vehicle. On a modern
vehicle you can use a scan tool to access the Back Door for multiple vehicle
control modules such as the engine, transmission, instrument cluster, tire
pressure monitor, ABS system, power windows, etc. Back Door Checks include:
Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC’s), Input and Output Data (called Parameter
Identifiers or PID’s), Graphing PID Data (used to view the relationships between
different PID’s), and using the diagnostic Troubleshooter. The Troubleshooter
software found in the scan tool will list procedures to test that component or
system.
The scan tool (back door) will help you decide which Front Door tests are needed
to solve the problem. Front Door tests can be made on input signals (from
sensors to the computer), or output command signals used to control the various
actuators (like fuel injection, ignition timing, etc.) just remember, The Front Door
is what is actually happening outside of the computer and the Back Door is what
the computer “thinks” is happening.
Scan tool data (input – output data) and Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC’s) are all
found at the back door. Once you know which system to check, you diagnose that
system using Front Door diagnostic tests.
Page 1 of 8
The scan tool is a BACK‐DOOR directional tool. It never tells you the cause of a
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