Introduction NEWMOA（介绍NEWMOA）.pdfVIP

Pollution Prevention Technology Profile Trivalent Chromium Replacements for Hexavalent Chromium Plating November 18, 2003 Introduction The purpose of this Technology Profile is to provide general information about trivalent chromium plating as a replacement for hexavalent chromium plating. Trivalent chromium is also known as tri- chrome, Cr+3, and chrome (III), whereas hexavalent chromium is also known as hex-chrome, Cr+6, and chrome (VI). The Profile has the following sections: ß Chromium Plating Overview o Hexavalent Chromium Technology o Regulatory Requirements o Non-Chromium Alternatives ß Trivalent Chromium Technology o P2 for Trivalent Chromium Baths o Current Research on Trivalent Chromium Baths ß Benefits and Challenges ß Foss Plating Case Study ß Contacts for More Information o Resources and Vendors o State Technical Assistance Programs o References It should be noted that this Technology Profile is not intended to be an “approval” of this technology. The appropriateness of the use of trivalent chromium plating technologies should be determined on a site-by-site basis. Potential users should contact officials in the state in which the facility is located to determine the state-specific regulatory requirements that could apply. A listing of state contacts is located at the end of this Profile. Chromium Plating Overview The most common hexavalent chromium-bearing solutions include decorative and hard chromium, aluminum conversion coating, bright dipping of copper and copper alloys, chromic acid anodizing, and chromate conversion coatings on cadmium, zinc, silver and copper. This Technology Profile is for the use of trivalent chromium processes as replacements for decorative and hard hexavalent chromium