a global assessment of salmon aquaculture impacts on wild salmonids鲑鱼水产业的全球评估影响野生大马哈鱼.pdfVIP

PLoS BIOLOGY A Global Assessment of Salmon Aquaculture Impacts on Wild Salmonids * Jennifer S. Ford , Ransom A. Myers Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Since the late 1980s, wild salmon catch and abundance have declined dramatically in the North Atlantic and in much of the northeastern Pacific south of Alaska. In these areas, there has been a concomitant increase in the production of farmed salmon. Previous studies have shown negative impacts on wild salmonids, but these results have been difficult to translate into predictions of change in wild population survival and abundance. We compared marine survival of salmonids in areas with salmon farming to adjacent areas without farms in Scotland, Ireland, Atlantic Canada, and Pacific Canada to estimate changes in marine survival concurrent with the growth of salmon aquaculture. Through a meta-analysis of existing data, we show a reduction in survival or abundance of Atlantic salmon; sea trout; and pink, chum, and coho salmon in association with increased production of farmed salmon. In many cases, these reductions in survival or abundance are greater than 50%. Meta-analytic estimates of the mean effect are significant and negative, suggesting that salmon farming has reduced survival of wild salmon and trout in many populations and countries. Citation: Ford JS, Myers RA (2008) A global assessment of salmon aquaculture impacts on wild salmonids. PLoS Biol 6(2): e33. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060033 Introduction Results Since the late 1970s, salmon aquaculture has grown into a All estimates of the effect of aquaculture on survival or global industry, producing over 1 millio