papermaking造纸术_图文.pptVIP

The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China Chinese ancient achievements in science and technology ?????? 1. Science and technology Chinese ancient astronomy calendar ?????? 1. Science and technology Ancient Chinese mathematics achievement: 1.Nine chapters of arithmetic《九章算术》 2. 《周髀算经》 ?????? 1. Science and technology The ancient Chinese achievements in physics medicine geography architecture and so on. The four great inventions were important symbols of China’s role as a great world civilization. ?????? 2. Influence to the world Marx pointed out: Gunpowder blew up the knight(骑士) class Compass（罗盘） opened the world market and set up colonies（殖民地） Printing is becoming protestant tools ?????? 2. Influence to the world The four great inventions in the European civilization gradually spread to the west before, become the necessary premise of “Bourgeois(资产阶级) development Papermaking technology ?????? 4. Development Invented 2 century 105 Popularize 3 to 4 century Only writing material Main inventor：????????? 2. Cai Lun ?—121 Official Killed by himself The god of paper What does it make of?????????? 1. Ancient raw material Bark(树皮) Fishing net cloth hemp heads(麻头) ?????? 3. produce There are four main steps I will introduce to you ?????? 3. produce First Separation of raw material To use the retting leaching（沤浸） or cooking methods for raw materials in alkali（碱） degumming（脱胶）, and scattered into fibrous（纤维状）; ?????? 3. produce Second Beating（打浆） Use the method of cutting and struck（捶捣） staple fiber, and make the fiber broom(帚化), and become the pulp(纸浆); ?????? 3. produce Third Manufacture paper with pulp（抄造） Namely make pulp water penetration into slurry, then used for paper pulp (woven bamboo mat) and get the pulp in paper to woven thin sheet of wet paper; ?????? 3. produce fourth Dry Namely the wet paper to dry, peeling then became a paper. ?????? 4. Spread 6th century: Korea 7th century: Japan 8th century: Arab States and India 12th century: Europe