中国野生的香根草种及其保护与分类问题-国家生态系统观测研究网络.PDF

生物多样性 　第 6 卷 ,第 4 期 ,1998 年 11 月 CHIN ESE BIODIV ERSIT Y　6 (4) :292～297 , November , 1998 中国野生的香根草种及其保护与分类问题 夏汉平 　敖惠修 ( 中国科学院华南植物研究所, 　广州　510650) ( ) 摘 　要 　香根草 V etiveria ziz anioides 这一优良的水土保持和多用途植物目前在热带和亚热带地区广 泛推广应用。中国的香根草栽培种主要是在 50 年代从国外引进的 ,但在广东和海南也有这一植物的野 生种存在 ,尤其在广东的吴川有一块面积达 6670 hm2 左右的野生香根草群落。然而 , 由于人类活动的 影响和过度开发利用 ,40 年间 ,这片热带草原已遭到严重破坏 ,面积和蕴藏量都大幅度减少。为了不使 这片珍贵的湿地消失殆尽 ,必须尽快采取措施加以保护。另外 ,香根草属的系统分类还很不完善 ,上述 ( ) 在中国分布的野生居群究竟是香根草还是野香根草 V . nigritana ,迄今还没有定论 ,经对标本的研究 ( ) 鉴定 ,初步确定为香根草 V etiveria ziz anioides 。 关键词 　香根草 ,野香根草 ,群落 ,湿地 ,中国 ,生物多样性保护 Wild vetiver grass distributed in China and its protection and taxonomic problems/ XIA HanPing , AO Hui Xiu Abstract 　Vetiver grass ( V etiveria ziz anioides) , a multipurpose grass mainly for soil and moisture conserva tion and used as hedgerow , has been widely disseminated and applied in the tropics and subtropics. China ’s domesticated vetiver was introduced from abroad in the 1950’s , while the distribution of the wild variety has existed all long in Guangdong and Hainan of China. An area of up to 6670 hectares of natural vetiver commu nity was found in Wuchuan County , Guangdong of China. This tropical grassland , however , has been severely destroyed due to the effects of human activities and excessive utilization , which has been rapidly dwindled over the past 40 years. A proposal was put forward in this paper for protecting vetiver , as well as the wetland and biodiversity. Currently , since the taxonomic problem of the V etiveria species is still far from clarification , it is difficult to confirm which species th