1基因的结构（Structure of the 1 gene）.docVIP

1基因的结构（Structure of the 1 gene） The first chapter of the gene structure The first section of gene and genome A gene (gene) Are all DNA sequences necessary to synthesize a functional protein or RNA molecules. A typical eukaryotic gene The encoding sequence of exon (exon) The insertion of explicit non encoding sequence between Uchiri Ko (intron) The 5- and 3- untranslated regions (UTR) The regulatory sequence (which can be located above three sequences) Most eukaryotic genes are interrupted gene (split-gene), exon discontinuity. Two, the genome (genome) A specific set of organisms (haploid) genetic material, Base the size of the genome with all DNA of the total said. The human genome 3X1 09 (3 billion BP), a total of about 100 thousand genes encoding. All of the DNA amount of each kind of eukaryotes in the haploid genome called C, which is not consistent with the evolutionary complexity (C-Value Paradox). The human genome project (human genome, project, HGP) Genomics, structural genomics (genomics) (structural genomics) and functional genomics (functional genomics). Protein group (proteome) and proteomics (proteomics) Section second eukaryotic genomes The characteristics of a eukaryotic genome:, The eukaryotic genome DNA in the nucleus in the chromosome structure in the nucleosome is the basic unit. The eukaryotic genome, a small part of the whole genome sequence encoding only (2-3%), The sequence of DNA two, the classification of eukaryotic genomes (a) highly repetitive sequence (lO5 repeat) Satellite DNA (Satellite DNA) (two) moderately repetitive sequence The characteristics of the 1. moderately repetitive sequence The repeat unit sequence is similar, but not quite the same, The scattered in the genome. The length of the sequence and copy number is not uniform, The moderately repetitive sequence generally are species specific, DNA can be used as markers. The moderately repetitive sequence may be transposable elements (TES return), The classification of 2. moderatel