第二章种群生态学(英)课件.ppt

Chapter 2 Populations and Population Structure;1 Population;Population;Population dynamics is the core of population ecology 4 main characters of the population: quantitative (density, reproduction rate, age structure, life table and survival curve)，spatial and genetic,systematic.;Population size (density);Population size (density) depends on:;Life table: the fate of a group of individuals born at approximately the same time from birth to the end of the life cycle;Svrvivorship curve (survival curves);Generalized survivorship curves;Age structure and sex ratio;Population growth;innate rate of increase (内禀增长率, rm) is the theoretical maximum that may be reached in a given environment if the population is not resource limited. It is also named: instantaneous rate of increase (瞬时增长率)， biotic potential (生物潜能), reproductive potential (生殖潜能). rm: constant, genetically decided. louse: 40.6/y，house mouse: 5.4/y;Breeding potential;Population increase model;No-overlapping generation;Relationship between r and population dynamics( no-overlapping generation);Overlapping generation;Population growth in limited resources （Density-dependent growth）;Logistic equation (逻辑斯谛方程);Population size/density;Curve can be divided into: Latent period Accelerating period Transition period Declining period Saturating period ;Significance of Logistic equation;Significance of Logistic equation;Population fluctuations, cycles and chaos;Spatial distribution pattern