英语写作Lecture_5_Narration课件.pptVIP

Lecture 5 Narration and Description;Part I. Narration;Ⅰ. Concept and Basic Structure;a. 交代清楚与事件有关的六要素：人物、时间、地点和事情的起因、经过、结尾（who/when/where/why/what/how） b. 选取恰当的叙事角度。在记叙某件事情时，即可采用第一人称，也可采用第三人称。第一人称可以使记叙显得逼真，让读者有一种身临其境的感觉，也便于表达作者的思想感情，这种形式常用在写自传、本人经历或记叙耳闻目睹的事件；第三人称可不受时间、空间的限制，可以更加客观地反映内容，常用在对重大事件的客观报导以及记叙他人的经历或事迹。 c. 合理使用文章发展的方法，将事件有逻辑地组织起来。一般来说按开端、发展、高潮、结尾的顺序进行的。常用的表达时间顺序的词和短语有：first, second, third, after that, next, meanwhile, while, afterward, later, whenever, finally, from then on, soon after, during等。; We planned a surprise party for Lucy recently. She never had a birthday party and she was twenty-one years old. First, we carefully made a guest list. We included many of her friends from school, a few of her other friends from church, and all of her brothers and sisters. Second, we planned a suitable menu. We needed some refreshing drinks and food. We were going to serve fruit punch and coffee. We also wanted chicken sandwiches, a birthday cake with twenty-one candles, and ice cream. Third, we planned entertainment. A boy did magic tricks skillfully. Another boy played the guitar well. We all liked group singing. We had a lot of records and a record player. Everyone helped. The party became a secret community project. ;d.在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词，所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用的最多的是动词的过去式，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。这一点在准备记叙文的写作中值得注意。 e.主题明确。中心思想是文章的灵魂。我们记叙任何事件都必须有一个明确的主题，要围绕主题思想精心设计情节，而不是罗列琐碎的小事。这个中心思想就是指对所记叙的人、事、物究竟是持什么态度，是赞成还是反对；是歌颂还???批评都必须明确，并且保持主题始终如一。;《科技英语学习》主编，上海交大毛荣贵教授与美国天普大学Dorine Houston教授合作对中国大学生作文进行修改，其中一篇写一个女孩在公交车上为老人让座，不料在场的三位男青年耻笑女孩，女孩的母亲也责怪了她，此时“我”实在看不下去了，就带头为女孩的行为鼓掌，车厢里也响起了掌声。原文的开头如下：;In this world, we should think more of other people than ourselves. By doing so, our world will be full of happiness. This, of course, in my personal view. But it is a lesson I have drawn from one of my own experience. So now, I would like to share this experience with you, my dear reader. ;按照汉语的写作标准，这样的开头自然而又不俗，但Houston教授对他的评语是“T