住宅建筑内火灾高温烟气流动规律试验探究.docVIP

住宅建筑内火灾高温烟气流动规律试验探究摘 要：以住宅建筑火灾安全为研究背景，利用多室多层住宅建筑缩比模型，进行了空间构造形式对室内火灾升温及高温烟气流动影响的试验研究。重点考察了不同火源点情况下，各房间内部的升温模式和温度分布，间接分析了高温烟气流动的规律。试验结果表明，住宅建筑的枢纽空间构造形式、房间门上方垂壁及各房间的相对位置对室内高温烟气的流动具有较大的影响。室门上方垂壁能够有效阻止高温烟气的扩散，室内外温差要高于无垂壁房间；非起火房间的室门开启方向与起火房间相对时，高温烟气的进入量要高于两者开口同向或平行情况。 关键词：住宅建筑；建筑火灾；火灾温度；烟气流动；空间构造形式 中图分类号：TU241.7 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-4764（2012）04-0149-08 Experimental Analysis of Building Space Constructions on Hot-smoke Flow in Residential Fire GUO Zhena,b, YUAN Yingshua,b (a.School of Mechanics Civil Engineering; b.Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Impact and Structural Safety in Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R.China) Abstract:Based on the characteristics of spatial structure of residential units, the effect of building space construction on temperature raise and hot-smoke flow in residential fire was analyzed on building model with simulating multiple floors and rooms. The raise and distribution of temperature indoors were mainly tested under varied location of fire sources. And, the rule of smoke flow was discussed by using the law of temperature raise, indirectly. The results indicate that the mode of smoke flows is influenced by three spatial factors which include the form of junction terminal room construction; the height of down stand above the door and the relative locations of each room. The diffusion of hot smoke is prevented effectively by the down stand of the room; the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor should be higher than that of the room without down stand. When the open direction of door in non-fire room is opposite to that of the door in fire room, there is much more hot smoke. Key words:residential building; building fire; fire temperature; smoke flow; the form of space construction  建筑火灾安全是目前工程界较为关心的问题，也是社会的热点问题。目前，中国住宅火灾灾害程度呈加剧趋势，据统计［1］，2009年1月至8月中国城镇居民住宅共发生火灾35 430起，直接财产损失17 963.5万元。因此，系统地开展单元式住宅建筑火灾安全研究迫在眉睫，研究成果能够为中国住宅建筑火灾安全设计提供理论依据，亦能够带动相关领域研究和产品研发的发展。