A CONCEPTUAL AND DYNAMIC APPROACH TO （一个概念性的和动态的方法）.pdfVIP

A CONCEPTUAL AND DYNAMIC APPROACH TO INNOVATION IN TOURISM by Xavier Decelle Maître de Conférences, Institut de Recherches et d’Etudes Supérieures du Tourisme (Irest) Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France Abstract The importance of innovation was long underestimated in service activities. In contrast to the radical innovations vital to growth in manufacturing sectors, innovations in services and tourism were secondary and capital-scarce, and for this reason they were excluded from the scope of government interest and action. It is interesting to note that the discourse changed with the emergence of new information and communication technologies (NICT), which have been especially influential in the realm of tourism. The dissemination of new modes of production and the resulting organisational shock waves, along with the marketing adjustments this has entailed, have been the subject of much research. Yet the issues involved in innovation in tourism are not confined to the information revolution, and many other questions remain. Methodology This contribution presents a portion of a report (2002-2003) to the National Tourism Board on Tourisme et innovation : bilan et perspectives (“Tourism and Innovation: Assessment and Outlook”). Our method has been to: • Examine statements made during interviews with tourism industry leaders in the light of recent findings of theoretical work on innovation in services. • Assume a context of complexity : tourism products are composite goods. • Take an approach that is comparative (on the industry level) and multidisciplinary (on the academic level). • Take a systemic approach: tourism’s territorial