不用光速不变原理推到洛伦兹方程.docVIP

Derivation of the Lorentz transformation without the use of Einsteins second postulate Andrei Galiautdinov Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA (Dated: January 3, 2017) Derivation of the Lorentz transformation without the use of Einsteins Second Postulate is pro-vided along the lines of Ignatowsky, Terletskii, and others. This is a write-up of the lecture rst delivered in PHYS 4202 EM class during the Spring semester of 2014 at the University of Georgia. The main motivation for pursuing this approach was to develop a better understanding of why the faster-than-light neutrino controversy (OPERA experiment, 2011) was much ado about nothing. arXiv:1701.00270v1 [physics.class-ph] 1 Jan 2017  Special relativity as a theory of space and time All physical phenomena take place in space and time. The theory of space and time (in the absence of gravity) is called the Special Theory of Relativity. We do not get bogged down with the philosophical problems related to the concepts of space and time. We simply acknowledge the fact that in physics the notions of space and time are regarded as basic and cannot be reduced to something more elementary or fundamental. We therefore stick to pragmatic operational de nitions: Time is what clocks measure. Space is what measuring rods measure. In order to study and make conclusions about the prop-erties of space and time we need an observer. A natural choice is an observer who moves freely (the one who is free from any external in uences). An observer is not a single person sitting at the origin of a rectangular coor-dinate grid. Rather, it is a bunch of friends (call it Team K) equipped with identical clocks distributed through-out the grid who record the events happening at their respective locations. How do we know that this bunch of friends is free from any external in uences? We look around and make sure that nothing is pulling or pushing on any member of the bunch; no strings, no spri