不定式主表被大全.docVIP

第一种情况：主---谓---宾 不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。 动宾关系 e.g I have a letter to write. 主 谓 关系 Have you anything to be sent? 技巧：1.当不定式的动作是由主语发出的，用主动式 to do. 2. 当不定式的动作由别人发出的，用被动式 to be done 第二种情况：不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式用主动形式。 e.g He is hard to talk to . The book is difficult to understand. =The book is difficult for people to understand. 但强调受事者，也可以用不定式的被动式 e.g The handwriting is very difficult to be read. 第三种情况：There be 结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某事时，不定式用主动形式。 e.g 1. There is a lot of work to do . (sb has to do it ) 当说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成时，可以用不定式的被动式。 2.There is a lot of work to be done. (The work has to be done) 第四种情况： with sb/sth to do, sb do… give sb sth to do . sb do +特殊问词+to do e.g 1. Mr Li felt like a cat on hot bricks, with so much work to do . (to do 动作由 主语MrLi 发出) 2.He gave me a book to read. ( to read 动作由 语me 发出) 3.I can’t decide which sweater to buy. (tobuy动作由I 发出) 第五种情况： be to blame.(被责备) be to let .(出租) e.g 1. I am to blame. 2. The house is to let.