高考名词性从句最全面讲解与专练.docVIP

高考名词性从句 定义：在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。 高考对于名词性从句考查主要有以下七个方面： 名词性从句的语序问题 2. 引导词that与what的区别 3. it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法 4. whether与if的区别 5. 名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别 6. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题 7.易混句型的辨析，比如it作形式主语，主语从句后置的句型与强调句型，与定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。 语法要点 名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if, as if；that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，只起连接作用，有时可省略。if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分；　　 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which，whichever. 连接副词：when, where, how, why有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语； 连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。 不可省略的连词： 1. 介词后的连词 I can judge by what (=the things that)I know of him. She walked up to where he stood. 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 比较： Whether与if 均为是否的意思。 但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1. Whether引导主语从句并在句首； 2. 引导表语从句 3. Whether从句作介词宾语； 4. 从句后有or not Whether he will come is not clear. 5.可以用whether…or引导让步状语从句，意为“无论，不论”，if则不可. 例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test? Everything depends on whether we have enough money. I wonder whether he will come or not. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 二、具体分类 1．主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。 主语从句句型： （1）连词|连接代词|连接副词+主语从句+主句谓语部分 例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. Who will be in charge of the project hasn’t been decided yet. （2）有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。 主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： （1）It + be + 名词(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity,no surprise, etc.)+ that从句 It is a surprise that…　令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that…　事实是…… It is no surprise that our team won the game. （2）It + be +形容词(obvious,true, natural, surprising,good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain,probable,etc.)+ that-从句 It is necessary that…　有必要…… It is important that…　重要的是…… It is obvious that…　很明显…… It is probable that he told her