Materials Selection Challenges in the Refining （在精炼材料选择挑战）.pdf

Materials Selection Challenges in the Refining Industry Dave Cooke Consulting Materials Engineer Chevron Energy Technology Company August 2014 Richmond, CA 2014 AIChE/SACHE Faculty PSM Workshop © 2014 Chevron USA Inc. All Rights Reserved Materials Selection for Process Plants It’s Complicated! There Is No Recipe, But There Are Lots Of Resources © 2014 Chevron USA Inc. All Rights Reserved 2 Conventional Criteria for Materials Selection  Key aspects of materials selection in process plants: – Strength fracture toughness – Resistance to environment temperature – Fabrication – Commercial Availability – Economy – Weight (e.g. offshore) – Product contamination (corrosion products)  For process equipment it is often helpful to start with the question: “Why not carbon steel?” and proceed from there. If carbon steel is safe and effective, then it is usually economical too (50% of the time)  Consider potential damage mechanisms and engineer to manage them © 2014 Chevron USA Inc. All Rights Reserved 3 API RP 571 Gives an Overview of 66 Damage Mechanisms Affecting Process Equipment Each Mechanism is Summarized Our discussion will focus on these in a Few Pages: Damage Mechanisms:  Description of Damage  Brittle Fracture  Affected Materials  Sulfidation  Critical Factors  Ammonium Bisulfide Corrosion  Affected Units or Equipment  Appearance or Morphology of Damage