苹果自交不亲和基因型（S 基因）研究进展 - 中国农业科学.PDF

中国农业科学 2011,44(6):1173-1183 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.06.012 苹果自交不亲和基因型（S 基因）研究进展 李天忠，龙慎山，李茂福，白松龄，孟 冬 （中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院果树细胞与分子育种实验室，北京 100193 ） 摘要：苹果是蔷薇科一个典型的配子体自交不亲和果树树种。本文详细介绍了苹果S等位基因研究现状，系 统介绍了基于PCR技术的苹果S 基因型鉴定的理论基础和主要方法，列出了迄今国内外应用这些方法鉴定出的500 多个苹果品种的S 基因型。本文对于苹果品种授粉树的合理配置和杂交育种亲和性亲本选择具有重要的指导意义。 关键词：苹果；自交不亲和性；S等位基因；S基因型 Advances in Research of the Self-Incompatibility Genotypes (S-genotypes) in Apple LI Tian-zhong, LONG Shen-shan, LI Mao-fu, BAI Song-ling, MENG Dong (Laboratory of Fruit Tree Cell and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193) Abstract: Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a typical species in Rosaceae family that exhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI). In this paper, the research advance in the S-alleles (more than 30 S-genes) of apple was reviewed, PCR-based theoretical basis and methods for identifying the S-genotypes of apples were summarized, more than 500 S-genotypes of apples which were identified with various methods were enumerated, which would be valuable for selecting appropriate pollinated varieties and incompatibility parents for hybridization breeding. Key words: apple; self-incompatibility; S-alleles; S-genetype （Maloideae ）。其品种繁多，但绝大多数品种自花授 0 引言 粉不能结实，在生产中必须配置授粉树，才能完成受 自交不亲和性（self-incompatibility ）是显花植物 精和结实。研究表明，苹果属于配子体型自交不亲和 在长期进化过程中形成的一种有利于异花授粉的生殖 性（gemetophytic self-incompatibility，GSI ）类型，受 隔离机制，是被子植物进化迅速的原因之一。其定义 单一位点的复等位基因控制，当花粉的S 等