马普外科手术中二氧化碳激光的仪器与技术.doc.docVIP

INSTRUMENTATION AND TECHNIQUES FOR CARBON DIOXIDE LASERS IN EQUINE GENERAL SURGERY 马普外科手术中二氧化碳激光的仪器与技术 During the past 20 years the carbon dioxide laser has become an important surgical instrument in human and veterinary medicine. The unique properties of this laser make it the instrument of choice for precise incision and vaporization of tissue at the body surface with minimal hemorrhage and morbidity. Although a variety of wavelengths have become available for clinical use, the carbon dioxide laser remains the most commonly used wavelength in general surgery. This laser can be used to accomplish a variety of surgical procedures in horses. 在过去20年的二氧化碳激光器已经成为人类医学和兽医学的重要的外科器械。这种激光器的独特性质，使得它成为在身体表面以最小的出血和发病率进行精确切割和组织的汽化的仪器。虽然各种波长的激光已变得可在临床上使用，但在一般手术中，二氧化碳激光器仍然是最常用的波长。该激光可以被用来完成各种马外科手术。 CARBON DIOXIDE LASER INSTRUMENTATION 二氧化碳激光仪器 The unique property of any laser is its ability to generate a powerful form of electromagnetic energy or light that is monochromatic (one frequency or color), coherent (energy waves arc synchronized in time and space), and highly collimated (minimally divergent). These specific properties of laser light enable the surgeon to achieve tissue effects that are unique to the wavelength of the instrument. 任何激光器的独特属性是它能够产生一个强有力的电磁能或单色光性（一个频率或颜色）的、一致性（能量波在时间上和空间同步）、和高准度性（最小发散）的光。激光的这些特定属性使外科医生能够做到切割不同组织使用特有的仪器波长的效果。 The lasing medium for the carbon dioxide laser is a mixture of carbon dioxide, helium, and nitrogen gas that is either self-contained within the optical cavity (sealed-tube system) or vacuum pumped into the optical cavity from external cylinders (flowing gas system). High voltage DC electric current or radiofrequency waves are used to excite the gas medium, emitting a laser beam with a wavelength of 10.6 ixm. Although both systems produce reliable power for surgery, the flowing gas systems have a cleaner output in the supcrpulso mode, can generate higher powers, and are more stable and reliable at low powers.1 The laser beam is reflected