第七课 队列研究.ppt

Case control study is also called Case-comparison study, Case-referent study and Retrospective study which study the relationship between exposure and disease. Comparing with cohort study, case control study is saving on time, works, cheap and quick in obtaining the results. This method is suitable to explore risk factor of disease, effect of treatment and side effect of medicine and so on. 第一节 概述 第二节 研究类型 第三节 研究实例 第四节 研究设计与实施 第五节 资料的整理与分析 第六节 常见偏倚及其控制 第七节 注意的问题 第八节 与队列研究的比较 Outline Type of study Example Design and implement Data sort and analysis Bias and control Notes Comparing with cohort study Basic conception Basic Principle History Application 病例对照研究 选择患有“某特定疾病的病人”作为(病例)，以不患有该病但具有可比性的个体作为(对照)，调查他们发病前对某个（些）因素的暴露情况，比较两组中暴露率和暴露水平的差异，研究该疾病与这个（些）因素的关系。 “病例” 是以现在确诊的患有某特定疾病的病人，或是研究者所感兴趣的事件如健康、有效、痊愈、死亡、药物副作用等，也可以是某一疾病的症状或体征。 “CASE” is individuals with an event or condition of interest, such as disease, health, effect, cure, death, side effect，or sign or syndrome of a disease. “对照” 是未患该病或不具有所感兴趣的事件但具有可比性的个体。 “CONTROLS” are individuals without the event or condition of interest， but are comparable with control. 病例，确诊患某种特定疾病的病人 对照,以不患该病但具有可比性的个体 通过询问、实验室检查或复查病史，搜集既往 危险因素暴露史 测量并比较两组各因素的暴露比例，经统计学检验该因素与疾病之间是否存在统计学关联 Cases, diagnosed “some disease” Control, without disease but comparable to cases Collecting exposure history by recall, lab test. Measuring and comparing the exposure proportion in 2 groups and statistical testing 病例对照研究特点Characteristics of the Design Retrospective Category by outcome From outcome to cause Observation study Analysis the relationship between disease and exposure 1843 Guy report Statistics Association-- the earliest case control study analysis the relationship: TB occupational exposure 1844 works of Louis concept of case control study appeared first time. 1926 Lane Claypon reported rela