苜蓿切叶蜂授粉扩散行为及苜蓿种子增产效应的研究 - 应用生态学报.PDF

应 用 生 态 学 报 1999 年 10 月 第 10 卷 第5 期 CH INESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Oct. 1999, 10(5)B606 608 * * * 张青文 张巍巍 蔡青年 陈合明 ( 中国农业大学昆虫学系, 北京 100094) = 对苜蓿切叶蜂( Megachile r otundata ) 为苜蓿授粉的田间群体扩散行为和苜蓿种子 产效应研究表明, 以授粉后苜蓿种子 产效应为指标, 发现苜蓿切叶蜂以蜂箱为中心向四周扩散, 随着距离 大, 蜂的扩散及授 粉效应逐渐降低. 但不同方向其扩散及授粉效应不同, 以苜蓿种子产量 Y\ 50g# m- 2 为高效区, 50g#m- 2 Y \ 30g# m- 2为中效区, 30g#m- 2 Y\ 15g# m- 2 为低效区. 在高效区和中效区内, 东北方向扩散距离最远, 分别为50 和60m, 其次是东和北; 在低效区, 向北扩散距离最远, 可达 100m, 其次是东北和西北; 西、南、西南和东南扩散 距离较短.据此做出了高效区、中效区和低效区的苜蓿切叶蜂授粉扩散行为图, 由此可直观地看到 3 个区的范 围. 苜蓿切叶蜂 授粉 扩散行为 Disper sal behavior of alf alfa leafcutter bees of pollination and its effect of incr easing a lfalfa seed pr oduction . Zhang Qingwen,Zhang Weiwei, Cai Qingnian and Chen Heming ( Dep ar tment of Entomology , China Agr icultur al Univer2 sity , Beij ing 100094).2Chin . J . Appl . Ecol . , 1999, 10( 5 : 606 608. Field investigation show that the alfalfa leafcutter bees dispersed around their beehives. The dispersal and pollination effect decreased with the distance, and differed with direct ion. High, middle and low effective areas were defined with seed yields of \ 50, 50 30, 30 15g# m- 2, respect ively. In high and middle effective areas, the dispersal distances in northeast direction were the longest, with 50 and 60 m respectively, and next by east and north direct ions. In low effective area, the dispersal distances in north direction was the longest, with 100m, next by northeast, northwest, west, south, southwest and southeast directions. Based on the above results, a map with high, middle and low effec