各种飞机发动机原理（Various aircraft engine principles）.docVIP

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各种飞机发动机原理（Various aircraft engine principles）.doc

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各种飞机发动机原理（Various aircraft engine principles）

各种飞机发动机原理（Various aircraft engine principles） The aero-piston engine is a machine that USES gasoline to mix with air and burns in a sealed container (cylinder). The piston-like engine must be driven by a propeller that produces a push (pull) force. So, as a power plant, the engine and propeller are inseparable. It consists of cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, valve mechanism, propeller reducer and casing. A cylinder is a place where mixture (gasoline and air) is burned. The cylinder holds the piston for reciprocating motion. The cylinder head is equipped with the electric spark plug which ignites the mixture gas, as well as the inlet and exhaust valve. The temperature of the cylinder is high, so there are many cooling fins on the outside of the cylinder to enlarge the heat dissipation area. The arrangement of the cylinder in the engine housing (casing) is mostly star or v-shaped. The usual star engines are 5, 7, 9, 14, 18 or 24 cylinders. In the case of single cylinder volume, the more cylinders, the more power. The piston is subjected to gas pressure in the cylinder to reciprocate movement, and through the connecting rod to turn this movement into crankshaft rotation. The connecting rod is used to connect the piston and crankshaft. The crankshaft is the output power of the engine. When the crankshaft turns, the force of the propeller is driven by the gearbox. In addition, the crankshaft also drives some accessories (such as oil pumps, generators, etc.). The valve mechanism is used to control the intake valve and the exhaust valve to open and close regularly. 2. Turbojet engines Before the second world war, all aircraft are using aircraft piston engine as a driving force, the engine itself does not produce dynamic force forward, but need to drive a screw, the screw rotation in the air, thus promoting the plane forward. This combination of piston engine + propellers has always been a fixed mode of aircraft propulsion, and few people have questioned it. In