景观专业外语上课资料概要1.docxVIP

Unit 1 History of Art and Design 1. Arts and Crafts Movement The Arts and Crafts Movement was an international design movement that originated in England and flourished between 1880 and 1910, continuing its influence up to the 1930s. Instigated by the artist and writer William Morris (1834-1896) in the 1860s and inspired by the writings of John Ruskin (1819-1900), the movement advocated truth to materials and traditional craftsmanship using simple forms and medieval, romantic or folk styles of decoration, against the styles that had developed out of machine-production. By the end of the nineteenth century, Arts and Crafts ideals had influenced architecture, painting, sculpture, graphics, illustration, book making, photography, domestic design and the decorative arts, including furniture and woodwork, stained glass, embroidery and weaving, jewelry and metalwork. Starting from 1855, the Association continuously held a series of exhibition in England to provide the public with a good opportunity to understand the design and elegant design taste, so as to promote the movement. Widely exhibited in Europe, the Arts and Crafts Movement’s qualities of simplicity and honest use of materials inspired designers like Henry van de Velde and movements such as Art Nouveau, Vienna Secession, and eventually the Bauhaus. Pevsner regarded the movement as a prelude to Modernism, which made use of simple forms without ornamentation. 2. Art Nouveau Art Nouveau is an international movement and style of art, architecture and applied art—especially the decorative arts—the peaked in popularity at the turn of the 20th century (1890-1905). 第1课 艺术设计史 1.工艺美术运动 工艺美术运动是一场起源于英国，在1880至1910年间蓬勃发展的国际设计运动，它的影响力一直持续到20世纪30年代。该运动由艺术家、作家威廉?莫里斯（1834－1896）于19世纪60年代发起，并受到约翰?拉斯金（1819－1900）的著作鼓舞。运动主张忠实于材料，提倡使用简朴形式和具有中世纪的、浪漫的、民俗风格装饰的传统手工艺，以反对机器化大生产所发展出来的设计风格。 到19世纪末，工艺美术运动的思想影响到建筑、绘画、雕塑、平面、插图、书籍出版、摄影、室内设计和装饰艺术等领域，涵盖了家具与木制品、彩色玻璃、刺绣和纺织品、珠宝和金属制品。 从1855年开始，这个协会在英国连续不断地举办了一系列的展览，向公众提供了一个了解设计及高雅设计品味的机会，从而促进了工艺美术运动的发展