集成电路设计 吉林大学chapter1.ppt

EE141 EE141 Digital Integrated CircuitsA Design Perspective What is this book all about? Introduction to digital integrated circuits. CMOS devices and manufacturing technology. CMOS inverters and gates. Propagation delay, noise margins, and power dissipation. Sequential circuits. Arithmetic, interconnect, and memories. Programmable logic arrays. Design methodologies. What will you learn? Understanding, designing, and optimizing digital circuits with respect to different quality metrics: cost, speed, power dissipation, and reliability Digital Integrated Circuits Introduction: Issues in digital design The CMOS inverter Combinational logic structures Sequential logic gates Design methodologies Interconnect: R, L and C Timing Arithmetic building blocks Memories and array structures Introduction Why is designing digital ICs different today than it was before? Will it change in future? The First Computer ENIAC - The first electronic computer (1946) The Transistor Revolution The First Integrated Circuits Intel 4004 Micro-Processor Intel Pentium (IV) microprocessor Moore’s Law Moore’s Law Evolution in Complexity Transistor Counts Moore’s law in Microprocessors Die Size Growth Frequency Power Dissipation Power will be a major problem Power density Not Only Microprocessors Challenges in Digital Design Productivity Trends Why Scaling? Technology shrinks by 0.7/generation With every generation can integrate 2x more functions per chip; chip cost does not increase significantly Cost of a function decreases by 2x But … How to design chips with more and more functions? Design engineering population does not double every two years… Hence, a need for more efficient design methods Exploit different levels of abstraction Design Abstraction Levels Design Metrics How to evaluate performance of a digital circuit (gate, block, …)? Cost Reliability Scalability Speed (delay, operating frequency) Power dissipation Energy to perform a function Cost of Integrated Circuits NRE (non-recurren