英语修辞学Lecture 4.pptVIP

Lecture 4 Metonymy The word “metonymy” derives from the Greek word “metonymia”, which means “change of name”. It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the name of one thing for that of another. A figure of speech in which an attribute of a thing closely related to it is substituted for the thing itself. It expresses an association between what is spoken and what is meant. E.g. What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. 幼小所学，终生不忘 Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them... 几年以后，他们听说拿破仑要亲自来视察他们。 Business lobbyists on the Capitol Hill are keeping close tabs on what is known as the “Family and Medical Leave Act” 围绕国会议员进行商业游说的人士正在密切注意 着所谓的“家庭与病假法案” Jarajan had ruled his august orchestra, the Berlin Philharmonic- of which he had been named conductor for life in 1955- with a brilliant ear and an iron fist. 卡拉扬在1955 年被任命为柏林交响乐团终生指 挥，从此他就以敏锐的听觉和硬的手腕控制着这 个尊严的乐队。 Al spoke with his eyes,“yes”. 艾尔用眼睛说，“是的”。 sweat – hard labor heart of China - Beijing The pen is mightier than the sword. 特征 1. 以事物的特征代替事物本身 A thousand mustaches can live together, but not four breast. 2. 以工具代替动作或行为者 A hundred bayonets were marching down the street. 3. 以容器代替其中内容。 Whenever my husband has a bad day at the office, he hits the bottle. The kettle boils. （kettle substitutes for the water in it) My pocket can’t afford such a pair of shoes. You can get a good cup at Susan’s café. Sheradon is a hotel noted for its good table. The room sat silent. 4. 以人体器官代替其功能 The practiced ear can recognize a classic flavour. She has the eye for the fair and the beautiful. I have an opinion of you, sir, to which it is not easy to give the mouth. Lend me your ears, please. 5. 以人或动物代替其特性 There is still much of the schoolboy in him. The wolf and t