英语中的构词法.ppt

Teaching of Vocabulary 《大学英语教学大纲》（1999年修订本）对基础阶段教学（即1-4级）中的“词汇与语法”分别做出了如下要求： “词汇：领会式掌握4200单词（其中复用式掌握的单词为2500），以及由这些词构成的常用词组（中学所掌握的单词和词组包括在内），并具有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。” 根据2004年颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》( 试用) , 大学阶段的英语教学要求分为三个层次, 即一般要求、较高要求和更高要求。其中一般要求推荐词汇量为4500个单词和700个词组, 其中2000个单词为积极词汇。 Vocabulary Definition of Vocabulary: A persons vocabulary is the set of words within a language that are familiar to that person. Vocabulary is commonly defined as all the words known and used by a particular person. A word gradually enters a persons vocabulary over a period of time as more aspects of word knowledge are learnt. Roughly, these stages could be described as: a. Never encountered the word. b. Heard the word, but cannot define it. c. Recognize the word due to context or tone of voice. d. Able to use the word but cannot clearly explain it. e. Fluent with the word?– its use and definition. Depth of Knowledge: phonology 音系- spoken form orthography 拼写法- written form reference 意义, 所指- meaning semantics 含义- concept and reference (peasant and farmer, propaganda and publicize) register 语体风格- appropriacy of use (kid or children, agree or approve…) collocation 搭配 - lexical neighbors (strong coffee or thick coffee, spring up like mushrooms, endangered animals or dangerous animals) word associations 联想(red flag, the lion heart) morphology 词法- word parts syntax 句法- grammatical function Word Formation构词法 Word formation is sometimes referred to all processes connected with changing the form of the word. It is a matter of morphology(词法, 形态学). In its wider sense, word formation denotes the processes of creation of new lexical units. Types of Word Formation  1．Affixation (Derivation)派生法 ? Affixation is the process of forming words by adding derivational affixes to stems (roots)词根. It is also called derivation. Words formed in this way are derivatives派生词. Affixation or Derivation is probably the most common word formation process in the English language. It is achieved by adding affixes