英国的政府及党派(权威版).pptVIP

The Government of The U. K. Unit 3 Contents: 1. A brief introduction 2. Monarchy 3. The Parliament 4. the Prime Minister and Cabinet 5. The British Government Today A brief introduction: The UK still keeps an old fashioned government established on the basis of constitutional monarchy: Constitutional Monarchy: The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, the head of state is a king or a queen. The United Kingdom is governed, in the name of the Sovereign by His or Her Majestys Government. The System of parliamentary government is not based on a written constitution, the British constitution is not set out in any single document. It is made up of statute law, common law and conventions. The Judiciary determines common law and interprets statutes.(司法部门裁定习惯法或解释成文法)。 The Monarchy(君主制) 1. History of the Monarchy 2. the present Sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II, daughter of George Ⅵ, who ascended the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953. her eldest son---Prince Charles--- is the heir to the throne. 3. Power of the Queen The Monarch 君主制 It can be traced back to the ninth century , is the oldest secular institution（世俗机构 ） in Britain. It antedates Parliament by four centuries and the law courts by three. Over centuries in history the English monarch personally exercised supreme executive, legislative and judicial power. But after the founding of the law courts in the 12th century and Parliament tin the 13th century, the direct exercise of these functions by monarch gradually decreased. The 17th-century struggle between the king and Parliament for supreme power resulted in the establishment of a limited constitutional monarch. Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in 1688. Now the monarch actually has no real power. The monarchs power are limited by law and Parliament. Queen Elizabeth II Elizabeth II, her title in the United Kingdom is Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern I