猜词策略培训.pptVIP

猜词策略培训 --学会解读意义 Luo Ling 109883613@ 1376774196 猜词的必要性 猜词的理论依据有以下几个方面： 一是得到了认知科学中的图式理论，特别是自顶向下的阅读模式的支持； 二是根据语境决定词义的思想，只有根据上下文线索才能准确识别词汇意义； 三是无论个人词汇量有多大，在阅读中都不可避免地会遇到生词，尤其是对二语学习者而言，词汇量比之本族语者差距巨大； 四是有些学者认为阅读中常常中断查字典会影响阅读的流畅性和趣味性。 猜词一般流程 1、确定词性（名词/动词/形容词/副词） 名词：有否修饰的形容词？与什么动词搭配？ 动词：与什么名词搭配？有否副词修饰？ 形容词：修饰什么名词？ 副词：修饰什么动词？ 2、能否用构词法知识分解生词（合成词/前后缀/词根） 3、包含生词的句子与其他句子的关系（连词/标点/指示代词/…） 4、猜测 5、检查猜测结果 猜词策略汇总 (1) 一: 语法线索 1: 构词法线索(词根词缀前缀/后缀和合成) 2: 词类线索 3: 句子语法结构 二: 语义线索 4: 上下文定义与进一步解释 5: 上下文逻辑关系 词的搭配 词汇链 近义词/反义词/上下义关系 并列, 对照, 因果, 类比, 指代及其它语义关系 6：上下文例子 猜词策略汇总 (2) 三. 常识与背景知识 7：常识与一般知识 8：所读内容的专业背景知识 四. 监察 9：所猜意义放回原句 10：所猜意义放回原段落或篇章 猜词策略示范 (1) 1. 合成词 After a while I went back to the stable on my new horse. There was the family, father, mother, sisters, all working for me, all happy. They had putting in place the tools for my new business: currycomb, brush, pitchfork—everything, and there was hay in the loft. 猜词策略示范 (2) 2. 词根词缀 Stealthily she crept out of the door. 猜词策略示范 (3) 3.上下文定义与进一步解释 The harbor is protected by a jetty—a wall built out into the water. 猜词策略示范 (4) 4. 上下文逻辑关系 并列 Neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new car. 对照 Most of us agreed; however, Bill dissented. 猜词策略示范 (5) 5.词汇链 After a while I trotted back to the stable on my new horse. There was the family, father, mother, sisters, all working for me, all happy. They had putting in place the tools for my new business: currycomb, brush, pitchfork—everything, and there was hay in the loft. 猜词策略示范 (6) 6. 近义/反义/上下义 In front of the house was an old elm. We often sat under the tree on summer nights. 猜词策略示范 (7) 7. 常识与背景 常识 The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel. 专业背景知识 When an atom undergoes fission, a tremendous a