GCT时态修订版.ppt

硕士学位研究生入学英语考试 宁波大学王进祥 基础准备阶段的复习要点 第一点：动词 为什么动词成了要点？生命在于运动。英语的生命也在于动词，拿下动词就等于拿下英语的一大半。作为句子的核心，动词牵涉到时态、语态、语气、人称和数以及搭配等方面的变化。而困扰初级或中级英语学习者的恰恰就在这几个方面的把握。围绕动词，我将从时态、被动语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致这四个方面展开。 第一部分 时态 英语的时态多达16种，听起来吓人，掌握起来却不难，只要通过对16种不同语境的对比，大家可以轻松把握。这比记住16个单词更简单，更有效。时态原本没有汉语名称的，没必要生记硬背汉语名称。比如某时态是叫“一般将来时”还是“现在将来时”呢？这样没意思。理解和区分英语时态的用法才是关键。这16个时态是：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时、将来完成进行时、过去将来时、过去将来进行时、过去将来完成时、过去将来完成进行时。其实这16种时态不过是4个时间的4种状态。为了更清晰体现这4个时4个态，请看下面两个表格。 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 过去 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 将来 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时 过去将来 过去将来时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 do/does; am/is/are am/is/are doing have/has done have/has been doing 过去 did; was/were were / was doing had done had been doing 将来 will/shall; am/is/are going to shall/will be doing shall/will have done shall/will have been doing 过去将来 would; was/were going to would be doing would have done would have been doing 英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例)： 下面将对上表中几种（红色）必考时态进行分析 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 study/studies am/is/are studying have/has studied have/has been studying 过去 studied was/ were studying had studied had been studying 将来 will/shall/ am/is/are going to study shall/will be studying shall/will have studied shall/will have been studying 过去将来 would/was/ were going to study would be studying would have studied would have been studying 一般现在时 1. 表示经常的动作或状态，或日常习惯，常与 every day，often等时间状语连用 I go to school every week. The weather of Ninghai is ususally moderate. 2. 永恒的真理或者客观事实 The sun rises in the east. The earth is a pear-like planet. 3. 名言警句 Pride goes before a fall. Every coin has two sides. 4. 表示目前情况 Ann writes good English but doesnt speak well. Mr. Wang is a teacher and he enjoys his work very much. 5. 在条件或时间状语从句中如果表达将来，则从句用一般现在时代替将来。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic. The harder you work, the more you will get. 一般过去时 1. 表示过去发生的动作，存在的状态或日常习惯，常与 ...ago，in 1972，last week等明确过去时间状语连用。 I went to LasVegas last s