明十三陵概况及长陵.docVIP

明十三陵2：明十三陵概况及长陵general information of the thirteen ming tombs and tomb of 长陵 ①历史沿革history of the ming tomb The ming tomb are located ate the foot of the longevity hill in 昌平district. There are a total of 13 ming emperor buried here so it was called the thirteen ming tombs. In 1407 empress xu died . Emperor 朱棣decided to bury her in Beijing, he sent a 风水master to find the best spot for the imperial burial ground, in 1409 the ground was finally chosen. This area was encircled by mountains on 3 sides. Rolling hills form a natural protection screen to the north , dragon hill on the east and tiger hill on the west, one side was opened to the Beijing plain in the south ,while 温榆river flowed by from the northwest,so the 风水master suggested that such a place was really considered as an auspicious area and really the best spot for the imperial burial ground. Emperor 朱棣was greatly satisfied . He changed the name of yellow earth hill to heavenly longevity hill and ordered the construction of his tomb长陵. The thirteen ming tombs took more than 200 years to complete. There were 2 reasons why 朱棣moved the capital from 南京 to 北京:one is since emperor 朱棣had stayed in Beijing for a long time before he dame to the throne ,he missed his former headquarters, the other reason is in order to resist the Mongolian force and strengthen his control to he whole country. ②今日十三陵 the ming tombs today The ming tombs covers a area of 80 square kilometers with 13 ming emperor and 23 empresses, it has a history of 600 years since the construction of 长陵. These tombs are the best preserved in China. ③明成祖朱棣emperor 朱棣 长陵 is the 3rd ming emperor 朱棣’s tomb. He is the forth son of emperor 朱元璋,after he usurped the power from his nephew,he ruled China for 22 years and died in 1424 when he was buried in 长陵with his wife empress xu. The outstanding achievements made by emperor 朱棣are :永乐encyclopedia and sending 郑和to trade with the west. Among China’s historical heritage sites listed by unesco 4 of them were mad