火电设备寿命诊断方法及其应用.pdfVIP

第25卷增刊 动 力 工 程 Vol.25 Sup. 2005年 10月 JOURNAL OF POWER ENGINEERING 火电设备寿命诊断方法及其应用 徐跃芹，屠 珊，孙实文 (西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,710049,西安) 摘 要:火力发电机组的很多部件长期在高温、高压甚至高速旋转条件下运行，长期服役后的材料 老化和失效是造成设备维修的主要原因。寿命管理是在对设备状态进行检测和评估的基础上优化设 备运行与维护管理的新技术。设备寿命诊断主要研究设备部件在非稳态下的温度及热应力变化规律、 金属材料的疲劳特性以及部件的寿命损耗。通过对设备进行设备寿命诊断,可以为电厂的运行、维修 提供决策建议,提高火电机组的安全经济运行水平,优化电厂的资金投入，降低大机组的事故停机率， 延长机组的服役寿命，降低电厂的生产成本。我国的能源结构以火力发电为主，而火力发电设备的 寿命损耗评价比较复杂。介绍了应力分析法、破坏试验法和非破坏损伤计测法三种代表性的锅炉部 件寿命诊断技术以及汽轮机转子的寿命诊断方法，并针对300MW供热凝汽式机组，对其寿命进行分析。 关键词:设备,寿命,诊断，管理 Methods and Application in Life- PowerPlants X U Yue-qin TU Shan S UN Shi-wen （School of Energy and Power Engineering，Xi ’an Jiaotong University，Xi ’an 710049 China） Abstract: Many parts of thermal generator set serve under high temperature and high pressure, even under high speed conditions. The main reason for maintenance of equipment is the material aging and failing after being on active service for a long time. Life-span management is to optimize the equipment and operate the new technology with maintenance management on the foundation of evaluating equipment state and assessing. Equipment life-span diagnoses main ly research the variation rules of unit part in unsteady temperature and thermal stress, fatigue characteristic of metals and life deterioration of equipments. Diagnosing the life-span of the equipments can offer decisions for operation and maintenance of power plant, improve the security and economy of operation, optimize the fund investment, reduc e accidental outage rate, lengthen the life-span on active service of the unit and reduce the production costs of the power plant. Th