现在完成时教程.ppt

正确运用 have / has been to, have / has gone to, 和 have / has been in 三种结构。 1. have / has been to 表示“过去曾去过某地”，但现在已经回来了。 现在完成时的用法 中考考点： 考点一：考查基本概念 例如： Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ____ whats happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know 考点二：考查时间状语1. He has __ been to Shanghai, has he ? Ａ. already Ｂ. never Ｃ. ever Ｄ. still2. Have you met Mr Li _____？Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ. before Ｄ. a moment ago 　 考点二：考查时间状语3. The famous writer ____ one new book in the past two year .Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written 4.—Our country _____ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______. Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better 　 　 　 ⑵现在完成时常与 recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/ “last + 一段时间” 等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。 ⑶现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或 since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。 ⑷现在完成时还与 once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。 考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别 例 1.—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When ___ there ?A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 例 2. —___ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I ____ it a moment ago . A. Did ; do ; finished 　 B. Have ; done ; finished C. Have ; done ; have finished 　 D. will ; do ; finish 　　简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。 故例１、２的正确答案皆为 B。 考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法 例 1. His father ___ the Party since 1978 .Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in 例 2. —Do you know him well ?  — Sure .We ____ friends since ten years ago .Ａ. wer