英国历史第三章英语社会文化课课件.pptVIP

一、英国的起源（公元前5000年—1066年） Celts凯尔特人 公元前700年，凯尔特人开始来到不列颠岛并一直持续到罗马入侵。The Celts were ancestors of the Scots, the Irish and the Welsh, and their languages are the basis of Welsh and Gaelic. Roman Britain (55BC-410AD) British recorded history begins with the Romaninvasion. The first Roman invasion was led by Julius Caesar in 55 BC. For nearly 400 years, Britain was under the Roman occupation.有记录的英国历史开始于罗马入侵。朱略丝凯撒是一位伟大的罗马将军。他于公元前55年和公元前54年两次入侵不列颠，这是罗马入侵不列颠的开端，罗马统治不列颠长达400年。 二、英国的形成（1066年—1381年） The Norman Conquest (1066) 诺曼底人The Norman conquest of England began in1066. 三、过渡时期的英国（1455年—1688年） The Plantagenet’s (1154-1458) and Tudors (1485 -1603) 金雀花王朝 英国都铎王室 The Elizabethan Age (1558–1603) The Glorious Revolution of 1688 The Glorious Revolution of 1688 is the greatest and mark in the history of England. This revolution is so called because it achieved its objective without any bloodshed. The struggle between the King and the Parliament ended in victory for the people (i.e. the representative of the people - the parliament). 四、英帝国的兴衰（1688年——1990年） Georgian乔治王时代(1714 to 1830) Victorian Age (1837-1901) Britain in the Twentieth Century The 20th century is a period of the decline of Britain as a world power, a period of crises of the two world wars, from which Britain emerged as a victor, but greatly weakened. Britain and the World Wars Postwar Britain * * The Angle-Saxon Conquest (446-871)盎格鲁-撒克逊人是指在公元5世纪入侵不列颠的3个日耳曼部落。 Viking and Danish invasions (793-1066) Under Elizabeth I, daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, England entered a Golden Age. The Elizabethan age saw the flourishing of English poetry, music and literature and produced the world’s greatest playwright William Shakespeare. It was also the end of the period when England was a separate realm before its royal union with Scotland. The Industrial Revolution (1760 – 1850) The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the