大学翻译理论与实践Lecture 3 Approaches of Translation.pptVIP

返回章重点 Lecture 3 Approaches of Translation （翻译方法） 翻译方法问题争论的焦点 ● 形式与内容 ● 忠实与创造 ● 直译与意译 ● 异化与归化 2.1 关于翻译方法的争议 (Controversy on Approaches of Translation) * 2.1.1 直译和意译 直译(Literal Translation)指翻译时要尽量保持原作的语言形式，包括用词、句子结构、比喻手段等等，同时要求语言流畅易懂，直译并非一定是“字对字”，一个不多，一个也不少。 意译(Free Translation)则从意义出发，只要求将原文大意表达出来，不注意细节，译文自然流畅即可。意译不注重原作形式，包括句法结构、用词、比喻以及其他修辞手段。但意译并不意味着可以将内容随意删改，或添枝加叶。很多人称直译和意译为传统的翻译方法。 Literal translation/直译 1. But I hated Johnson, and I had a feeling hed surely lead us both to our ancestors. 2. Hitler was armed to the teeth when he launched the Second World War, but in a few years, he was completely defeated. 【注意】 直译≠死译（word-for-word translation or dead translation） 1. 街道妇女应动员起来打扫卫生： Women in the street should be called on to do some cleaning. (“In the street” should be replaced by “in the community”. ) 2. 她一大早起床，进城，见到了她的公爹： She got up early, went to the town and saw her public father. (Public father should be father-in-law.) 直译的例子 armed to the teeth 武装到牙齿; 全副武装 chain reaction 连锁反应; gentlemen’s agreement 君子协定; one country, two systems 一国两制; paper tiger 纸老虎; cold war 冷战 hot line 热线 hot girls in cool suit/spicy girls 辣妹 black market 黑市 The three religions and the nine schools of thought 三教九流; Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 breathe one’s last 断气; go to one’s external rest 安息; the long sleep 长眠; see Marx 见马克思; go to heaven 上天堂; blow out the candles 吹灯拔蜡 Go west 上西天;  He walked at the head of the funeral procession, every now and then wiped his crocodile tears with a big handkerchief. 他走在送葬队伍的前头，还不时用一条大手绢抹去那鳄鱼的眼泪。 The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today extended the olive branch to the Clinton Government by pleading for cooperation in developing foreign policy. 参议院外交委员会今天向克林顿政府伸出了橄榄枝，要求在发展外交政策上合作。 Free Translation/意译 1.It rains cats and dogs. 2.The Milky Way 3.the apple of my eye 4.Lie on one’s back 5.Lie down on the job (磨洋工) 5.Hold one’s horse （悬崖）