基于ARM超声波测距系统设计及上位机串口通讯.docVIP

摘 要 本文详细介绍了一种基于ARM处理器LPC2368的超声测距系统。该系统是以空气中超声波的传播速度为确定条件，利用发射超声波与反射回波时间差来测量待测距离。本系统包括上位机监控软件和下位机嵌入式测量系统两部分。 超声测距系统的设计原理以达到更优的系统性能为目的。为适合不同的速率变化的运动物体的距离，嵌入式系统设置了正常测距和快速测距两种显示模块，即对于变化快的物体，采用快速测量模式；对于变化慢的物体，采用正常测量模式。 论文概述了超声波的一些特性，介绍了超声波测距的基本原理，对于影响测距系统的一些主要参数进行了讨论以及对嵌入式系统ARM和开发环境做了简单介绍。并且在介绍超声测距系统功能的基础上，提出了系统的总体设计，包括嵌入式系统测距功能、系统设置功能、显示功能和串口通信的方案设计以及监控界面远程监控、远程修改和数据存取等功能的设计。 最后对整个系统进行验证。实验表明，监控软件和嵌入式系统的各项功能均达到设计要求。最后文中分析了系统设计的不足及如何对系统进行完善提出了一些改进建议。 关键词:超声传感器，超声测距系统，嵌入式系统ARM，PC机串口通信 Abstract This?essay?presents?an?ultrasonic?ranging?system?based?on?the?ARM?processor?LPC2368.?This?system?uses?ultrasonic?echo?and?reflection?of?the?time?difference?to?measure?the?distance?with?the?definite?condition?of?the?propagation?velocity?of?ultrasonic?spreading?in?the?air.?It?includes?two?parts:?one?is?PC?monitoring?software;?the?other?is?a?machine?embedded?under?measuring?system. The?design?principle?of?the?ultrasonic?ranging?system?sets?an?aim?of?optimizing?the?performance?of?this?system.?In?order?to?be?suited?to?the?different?moving?objects?with?different?rates,?the?embedded?system?sets?two?display?module?of?normal?ranging?and?tachometric?ranging,?that?is?adopting?the?mode?of?tachometric?raging?in?terms?of?objects?whose?rate?changing?faster;?while?adopting?the?mode?of?normal?raging?in?terms?of?objects?whose?rate?changing?slower. This?essay?summarizes?some?features?of?ultrasonic,?introduces?the?basic?principle?of?ultrasonic?ranging,?analyses?some?main?parameters?affecting?the?ranging?system,?and?gives?a?brief?introduction?of?the?embedded?system?ARM?and?the?development?environment.?On?the?base?of?the?introduction?of?the?function?of?the?ultrasonic?ranging?system,?it?also?puts?forward?the?design?of?the?whole?system.?That?includes?the?ranging?function?of?the?embedded?system,?the?setup?function,?the?display?function,?the?serial?interface?communication?design?and?the?design?of?remote?monitor?inter