Presentperfecttense摘要.pptVIP

标志词(1)：这种用法常与already(用于肯定陈述句）, just（位于谓语动词前）, yet（否定句或疑问句）, ever（多用于疑问句，问初次经历）, never（多用于否定陈述句）, recently,before(句末)等连用 标志词（2）：这种用法还可与 for +一段时间, since+过去的时间点, these years, so far, up to/till now（直到现在） in/during/over the past /last few/three years（在过去/最近几年、三年里） several times（几次）,等连用 E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years. Kate has lived here since 3 years ago. Kate has lived here since she came to China. 非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法 有一些动词是瞬间动词，也叫非延续性动词，这些动词的动作一发生就结束了。这些动词可用于现在完成时，但不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。如果句子中有表示一段时间的状语，需将非延续性动词改为延续性动词。 1 He has become a doctor.他已经成为一名医生 He has been a doctor for five years.他当医生已经五年了。 2 His grandfather has died.他爷爷已去世了。 His grandfather has been dead for ten years.他爷爷已经去世10年了。 3 The film has begun.电影已经开始了。 The film has been on for five minutes.电影已经开始5分钟了。 * Present perfect tense 一、现在完成时的定义 定义1： 现在完成时态的含义是表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。 She has gone. (她走了。)从这句话中动词所用的现在完成时态可以看出“走”的动作是过去发生的，而对现在所造成的结果是她不在这里了。 He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years.He has studied French. (他学过法语。)这句话所说明的结果是他现在懂法语。 Look! The blackboard is so clean now. He has cleaned the blackboard. (他已经擦过黑板了。)?这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。 定义2：现在完成时态还表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来。 Mike borrowed the books two days ago. Mike has kept the books for two days. 二、现在完成时的构成1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型  主语（第一、二人称单、复数)+have  主语（第三人称复数） +have +过去分词 主语（第三人称单数） +has 2. 现在完成时的否定句句型 主语+have/has+not+过去分词+…… I have not seen the movie yet. He hasn’t been to Beijing since then We have lived in Beijing. He has lived in Beijing. I have finished my homework. 3.现在完成时的一般疑问句句型 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+…. Have you finished the work? Has she arrived here? 4.现在完成时的特殊疑问句句型 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+……. How many times have you been to the Great Wall? 三、现在完成时的标志词 exercise 1.I ________ (do) my homework already. 2.He _____________(not finished) his homework yet