动词时态复习选读.ppt

现在完成时 3.现在完成时中的一些重要用法 (1)非延续性动词和延续性动词 非延续性动词又叫瞬间动词，可用于完成时态，说明某个 动作的结果还存在，但不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，也不 能用于 how long 引导的特殊疑问句中。与一段时间连用时，要 把非延续性动词变为延续性动词。如： I have had the book for two days. 这本书我买了两天了。(用had 而不用 bought ) He has been in Beijing for two weeks. 他来北京两周了。(用been in 而不用 come to) 现在完成时 注意：在肯定句中，现在完成时与时间段连用时，可 将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。 have been a member of have joined/taken part in have been closed/open have closed/open have had have bought have been on have begun have been dead have died have kept have borrowed have been away have left have been in have arrived/come (2)have gone to, have been to 和 have been in 的区别 现在完成时 He has been in Guangzhou since 1989. 强调“一直待在某 地”，常与一段时间连 用 have been in Have you been to our town before？ 强调“去过某地”，人 已经回来了，即“去而 复返” have been to Has he gone to Qingdao？ 强调“在去某地的路上或在某地”，人还未回来，即 “去而未返” have gone to 例句 用法 【典例7】—They say theres a supermarket nearby. —Yes, and it ____ for no more than two weeks. A．opened B． has opened C．has been open D．opens [解析] 句意：“他们说附近有一个超市。”“是的，它刚开了不到两周。”“for＋时间段”与现在完成时连用。open是瞬间动词，用be open替换，故选C。 C 【典例8】 How long has your brother ___ in making kites? A. become interested B. started to be interested C. been interested D. started to become interested C 过去完成时 1. 结构：? ??主语+had+动词过去分词 2. 用法： 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作， 即 “过去的过去”。 e.g. By?nine?o’clock?last?night,?we?had?got?200? pictures?from?the?spaceship. 1）可以与by, by the end of, ?before+过去的时间点 等介词短语连用，或通过上下文来表示。 I?met?Wang?Tao?in?the?street?yesterday.? We?hadnt?seen?each?other?since?he?went?to?Beijing. 过去完成时 2）在从句中，当一句为一般过去时，另一句的动作先于过去时的动作时，另一句要用过去完成时。 e.g. She?said?that?she?had?seen?the?film?before. he?went?to?bed after?he?had?finished?his?homework?. 【典例9】 When I ___ the cinema, the film ___for ten minutes. A. got to, has begun B. arrived at, has been on C. reached, had begun D. hurried to, had been on D LOGO 1.I ____ a book when my parents came back home last ni