第四章 距离测量与直线定向.pdfVIP

第四章 距离测量与直线定向 Distance Measurement and Align 第四章 距离测量与直线定向 测量距离的主要方法有距离丈量、光学视距 法测距和光电测距仪测距等 。 第一节 距离丈量的一般方法 第二节 钢尺精密量距的方法 第三节 视距测量 内容回顾 第四节 红外光测距仪简介 第五节 直线定向 小 结 5.1 距离丈量的一般方法 5.1.0 Types of Distance Measurement 5.1.1 丈量工具 5.1.2 直线定线 5.1.3 平坦地面距离丈量方法 5.1.4 倾斜地面距离丈量方法 5.1.5 距离丈量的注意事项 Types of Distance Measurement Types of Distance Measurement Types of Distance Measurement Methods of Measurement Pacing Accuracy 1 : 100 Taping Accuracy 1 : 10,000 Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) Accuracy 1 : 10,000 to 1:100,000 Pacing Practical measure of distance. Dont try to pace out one metre with every step. Walk casually over 100 m counting the number of steps. Work out the length of a casual step and use this instead. Varies with uphill, downhill, and your age. Low accuracy No equipment needed Taping (or chaining) chainage is applied to measurement with a steel tape or synthetic tape (plastic or fiberglass). All standard in lengths 100 m, 50m, 30 m, 20 m. It is fairly quick, easy and cheap, and hence is the most common form of distance measurement. Unfortunately, chainage is prone to errors and mistakes. For high accuracy, steel tape should be used which is graduated in mm and calibrated under standard temp (20 degree) and tension (5kg). Be careful, easily break. Synthetic tape is more flexible graduated in 10mm 5.1.1 丈量工具 一、钢尺 steel rule 端点尺是以尺的最外端作为尺的零点。 刻线尺是以尺前端的一刻线作为尺的零点 。 小钢尺 Steel Rule 皮尺 Measuring Tap 测绳 Measuring Line 5.1.1 丈量工具 Measuring wheels Tapes in lengths up to 100 ft 三、其它附件 花杆 ranging rods 测钎 marking pins 垂球 plumb bob 如何量距？ 点的标定 打木桩 一、点的标定 二、直线定线 5.1.2 直线定线 二、直线定