passivevoice(被动语态)程序.pptVIP

预习要点： 1. 何时使用被动语态 2. 哪些主动句没有被动形式 3. 主动形式表被动意义的形式有哪些 4. 被动结构与系表结构的区别 5. 某些宾语从句的被动形式 （P166,P169《练习册》) 6. 什么是保留宾语P228 判断下列句子中那些没有被动形式 1.They considered him a poet. → He was considered a poet. 2. He considered himself a poet. 3. The accident happened yesterday. 4. The boy happened to meet her in the street. →She happened to be met in the street by the boy. 5. They used to start these engines by hand. → These engines used to be started by hand by them. 6. After two hours talk, we arrived at the decision. → After two hours talk, the decision was arrived at. 7. I arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 8. This house changed hands last Sunday. 判断下列句子中那些没有被动形式 9. We could hardly see each other in the fog 10. They have four children and a nice apartment. 11. He lacks experience in teaching at the present. 12. We live a happy life. 13. He joined the Party last year. 14. I don’t want anyone to bother me. → I don’t want to be bothered. 15. I don’t mind you criticizing me. → I don’t mind being criticized. 16. She doesn’t like people staring at her. → She doesn’t like being stared at. 关于主动形式表示被动意义 (4)当动词不定式作定语且与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，其逻辑主语是句子的主语时，用该不定式的主动形式常常可以表示被动含义。例如:? I?have?a?lot?of?problems?to?settle?at?present.? Tom?is?looking?for?a?room?to?live?in.? （ to?live?in与room有动宾关系，与Tom?有主谓关系）? He?has?a?family?to?support. （与family有动宾关系，与he有主谓关系） 关于主动形式表示被动意义 注意:在“there?be?...”句式中,如果动词不定式前没有明确的逻辑主语时,不定式用主动形式或被动形式均可,如果有逻辑主语,则用不定式的主动形式。 例如:????有五封信等着回复。???? There?are?five?letters?to?answer/to?be?answered.????(也可译为:?There?are?five?letters?for?me?to?answer.)? 关于主动形式表示被动意义 (5)difficult,?easy,?important,?comfortable,?convenient,?dangerous,?hard,?cheap，expensive等形容词（表示难易、利弊等含义）作表语或宾语补足语时，动词不定式在其后作状语，并与句子的主语构成动宾关系时，应用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 结构：主语+系动词+形容词?+?不定式；?动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。例如:??? I?find?that?his?books?are?always?difficult?to?understand.? My?brother?is?easy?to?deal?with.? The?math?problem?is?not?easy?to?work?out.? The?question?is?difficult?to?answer.? I?found?the?car?comfortable?to?ride?in.? 保留宾