独立主格结构讲解概念.ppt

非谓语动词 V-ing 形式 不定式 过去分词 1.非谓语中的主语和主句中的主语是一致的： 2.但是独立主格却和主句主语不一样,因此是独立的主格. eg: The woman look around the shop , keeping an eye on her baby. Spring coming, the flowers are coming out. Hearing the exciting news , everybody was excited. Having been there many times , he is quite familiar with the place. The policeman entered the dark room , gun in hand. 独立主格结构： 形式：n\pron + 其他成分（doing\done \to do \n. \adj.\adv\介词短语） 在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，在意思上依附于整个句子，相当于状语，表示时间、原因、条件、或伴随等情况。 It being Sunday, they had no classes. The signal given, the train started. The children were making a snowman, hands red with cold. He sat in the chair, book in hand and pipe in mouth. 原因 时间 伴随 伴随 n. \ pron . + doing/ to do/ done ___________________(因为他很诚实), we like him. ____________________, I had a good rest.(所有的窗子都擦完了) _______________________, a man came up with a practical solution.(正讨论这个问题时) He being honest All the windows cleaned The question being discussed 大多数的独立主格结构可以用“with +宾语+宾语补足语”来代替。 1） He lay there, his hands behind his head.(= with his hands behind his head) 非谓语动词的独立主格结构： “名词或代词+ 非谓语动词”结构构成的独立主格结构称为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。 1. 不定式构成的独立主格结构（表示还未发生的行为或状态，在句中做原因状语、条件状语） Lots of homework to be done, I have to stay at home . 2.动词-ing 形式构成的独立主格结构： 如动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，就要用动词-ing 形式的独立主格结构（在句中常做 时间状语、原因、条件、方式状语） 1)表时间 The audience having seated themselves, the concert began. 2)表方式或伴随 The coward was backing , his face being deathly pale, toward another room. 表原因 The guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. = As the guide led the way,…… 表条件： Weather permitting, we will go on an outing to the beach now.(= If weather permits…) Such being the case, you have no grounds for dismissing him.(=If such is the case…) 3.动词-ed 形式构成的独立主格结构（是由逻辑主语+动词-ed形式 构成，常做时间、原因、伴随、条件状语） 1)表时间 The task completed , we had a global traveling. = The task having been completed …= After the task was completed,… 2)表方式或伴随 When in trouble, Tom would sit alone, head bent. 3) 表原因 Thousands of eyes fix