波的粒子性和波动性遵循的一个法则.pdfVIP

中国科技论文在线 波的粒子性和波动性遵循的一个法则 张新安 （西安工程大学纺织与材料学院，西安，710048 ） 摘要：本文在分析声波与软材料相互作用的机理的基础上，发现在宏观情况下，声波也有量 子现象。作者还发现，材料的厚度决定是否应该应用经典波动理论还是量子理论去描述波与 材料的作用过程。作者应用其在吸声学研究中的经验发现了光波在大气中的吸收规律和原 理。更进一步的分析得出与前面类似的结论。即，物质的尺寸大小决定了是否应该应用量子 理论或经典波动理论去处理光波与物质的作用过程。最后得出结论，声波和光波不仅都具有 波粒二相性，而且遵循相同的法则。即，在波与物质相互作用时，当波的波长相对于物质的 厚度（尺寸）较小时，其作用过程表现出量子力学原理；而当波的波长相对于物质的厚度（尺 寸）较大时，其过程作用表现出经典波动学原理。 关键词： 声波的量子性，波粒二相性，物质尺寸，波长，遵循法则 中图分类号：0413.1 The wave-piratical parallelism of wave the critical ruling Zhang Xin’an (Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048) Abstract: In this paper, basing on the analyzing of the interaction between sound wave and the flexible materials, the viewpoint is put forward that the sound wave also display the quantum character on the macroscopic level. It is also found that whether the sound wave is regarded as a wave or a body-particle depend on the thickness of the materials. Furthermore, from the founding of electromagnetic wave absorb theory of the atmosphere molecule by applying the research experience in acoustics, a similar idea is also deduced. That is, the molecular size determine whether the classical wave theory or the quantum theory been applied to the matter. Finally, one conclusion has been formed to treat the interaction between wave and matter on theory. Which is: when the wave length is small comparing to the matter size, the wave is regarded as a body-quantum; when the wave length is large comparing to the matter size, the wave can be treated as the classical wave. Key words: The quantum character of sound wave，wave-piratical parallelism ，matter size, wave length, ruling 0. 引言 1923 年德布罗意(L.de Broglie)提出物质的波粒二相性以来。现在人们已经逐渐接受了这 样一条让人百思不得其解得理论(1,2) 。而