动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式与读音.doc

动词第三人称单数词尾变化形式及读音 动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。 (1)一般动词在词尾加-s，-s在清辅音后读／s／，在浊辅音或元音后读／z／ds读／dz／，ts读／ts／。如： help→helps／helps／，know→knows／n?uz／，get→gets／gets／，read→reads／ri?dz／ (2)以字母s，x，ch，sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es，-es读／iz／。如： guess→guesses／??siz／，fix→fixes／fiksiz／，teach→teaches／ti?t?iz／，wash→washes／w??iz／ 注意：go→goes／??uz／，do→does／d?z／ (3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，-ies读／iz／。如： carry→carries／k?riz／，fly→flies／flaiz／ 注：在play→plays／pleiz／，say→says／sez／中，字母y前为元音字母，第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。 (4)特殊词例外。如： be→is，have→has 以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e”发音， 与所加“s” 一起读做[iz]。 如： close－closes [iz]规则动词的过去式变化如下： 一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： —worked piay—played want--wanted act--acted 以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如：lived move--moved decide--decided decline--declined hope--hoped judge—judged raise--raised wipe--wiped 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如： studied try--tried copy--copied justify--justified cry--cried carry--carried embody--embodied empty--emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stopped beg--begged fret--fretted drag--dragged drop—dropped plan--planned dot--dotted drip--dripped 注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 go – went make – made get – got buy – bought come - came fly-flew 动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化 AB型 can could shall -- should will -- would may -- mightAAA型 cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hithurt hurt hurt let let let must must must put put put set set set shut shut shutread read read AAB型 beat beatbeaten ABA型 become became become run ran runcome came come ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought boughtthink thought thought catch caught caughtteach taught taught build built builtlend lent lent send sent sentspend spent spent dig dug dughang hung hung feel felt feltkeep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept