地震体验装置 外文翻译.doc

外文原文： Damage as a measure for earthquake-resistant design of masonry structures author： Miha Tomazˇ evic Abstract:The results of lateral resistance tests of masonry walls and shaking table tests of a number of models of ma-sonry buildings of various structural configurations, built with various materials in different construction systems, have been analyzed to find a correlation between the occurrence of different grades of damage to structural elements, character-istic limit states, and lateral displacement capacity. On the basis of correlation between acceptable level of damage and displacement capacity, it has been shown that the range of elastic force reduction factor values used to determine the de-sign seismic loads for different masonry construction systems proposed by the recently adopted European standard Euro-code 8 EN-1998-1 for earthquake resistant design are adequate. By using the recommended design values, satisfactory performance of the masonry buildings that have been analyzed may be expected when subjected to design intensity earth-quakes with respect to both the no-collapse and damage-limitation requirements. Key words: masonry structures, seismic-resistant design, seismic performance, damage, limit states, behavior factor. 1. Introduction Earthquake-resistant design of masonry structures is a combination of tradition, experience, and modern engineer-ing principles based on experimental research. Usually, it is a two-step procedure: ( i ) the structure is conceived accord-ing to traditional requirements regarding structural configu-ration and ( ii ) the seismic resistance is verified by calculations and the dimensions and distribution of structural elements are modified, if necessary. Since no-collapse and damage-limitation requirements should be fulfilled, the ultimate state (associated with collap-se) and the serviceability limit state (associated with the oc-currence of minimum damage) also need to be verified i