选修八unit1词汇.ppt

U1 A land of Diversity 1. distinction n. 差别；特点；卓著 make/draw a distinction between 对……加以区分 people of distinction 知名人士 gain/win distinction 出名 distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 be distinct in ...from ... 在某方面与……不同 distinguish v.区别，辨认，使有别于 distinguish between A and B =distinguish A from B 2.live on 继续存在，继续生存 live on sth以某物为食，靠某种经济来源生活 live by doing sth. 靠做某事为生 live for sth. 以某事物为生活目标 live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存 live up to sth. 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准 live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象 live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁 live a... life 过着……的生活 3.means手段，方法（单复数同形） by means of 用……办法；借助…… by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以 by any means 无论如何 by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装） by every means 用尽一切可能的办法 易混辨析 means指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）。 way指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。 method指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。 a means of doing/a way to do sth.／a way of doing sth./a method of doing sth. /a approach to doing做……的方法 in this way/with the method/by this means 用这种方法 means作主语且有every, each等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有all，some, several, many, few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。 Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。 All means have been tried. 所有方法都试过了。 翻译句子 ①这绝非解决问题的良计。 ②他借助一根绳子慢慢地下来了。 解析： (1) 选B。by all means意为“一定；当然可以”，符合句意。 (2)①This is by no means a good way to solve the problem. ②He let himself down slowly by means of a rope. 4.majority n. 大多数；大半 A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health. A/The majority of water was not be polluted. The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. be in the/a majority 占大多数 a majority over sb. 超过对方的票数 by/with a majority of 以大多数...赢得... major adj.n. 较大的；主要的；主修，专攻 minority adj.n. 少数；少数民族；未成年 5.make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 come to life 变得活跃起来 bring...to life 使...更生动；使...苏醒 lay down ones life/lives for为...牺牲生命 lead/live a ... life过着...的生活 make/earn a living谋生 6.despite prep.尽管，不管，不顾 Despite the heavy rain, we arrived at the station on time.=In spite of th