动词时态与语态课件.ppt

Verbs动词 1.实义动词(notional verb):能独立做谓语的动词 及物动词vt.本身意思不完整，需要接宾语才 能使其意思完整 不及物动词vi.自身意思完整，无需接宾语 2.连系动词（linking verb) :连系主语和表语，说明主语的状态、性质特征或身份等。 (1).表示特征或状态 be, seem, appear, look, sound, feel, taste, smell (2).表示保持某种状态 continue, keep, remain, stand, prove, stay, turn out The meeting turned out to be successful. The shop stays open till nine o’clock. 5) fall +asleep, silent, ill (不能接形容词比较级) She fell ill from cold. (×) She fell worse.(√) She got worse. 6) get+ adj.口语，用得广泛，较多地与形容词 比较级连用 become较正式 He became (got) angry. His coat has become (got) badly torn. The days are getting shorter and shorter. 注意：become一般不用于 “将来成为”的意思 (×) I hope you’ll become well. (√) I hope you will get well. 2.become,turn, get ,go, fall 能用名词作表语 He fell (a) victim to cancer. 注意：go, turn后面的名词通常不带冠词 3.come, grow, get+ to do 表示变化过程 I’ve really come to love this place.表示最终变得 Mary’s growing to be more and more like her mother.表示渐渐变得 注意：不能用于带有一段时间的完成时态 (×) They have got to know each other for years. (√) They have known each other for years. 一般现在时的特殊用法 按计划、规定或安排要发生的动作(come, go, be, arrive, leave, start, begin, end, return, take off, stop, sail, open, close) The train starts at 8 o’clock. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes. 在时间、条件和状语从句中， 如果主语是将来时或主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时表一般将来时。 Even if he doesn’t come this Sunday, I’ll go swimming myself. Tell him the news as soon as he comes. 动词的语态 主动语态：句子的主语是谓语动作的发出者 We all respect Lei Feng. 被动语态：句子的主语是谓语动词的接受者 Lei Feng is respected by us all. 被动语态 典型例题： 1. You dont need to describe her. I ___ her several times.　 A. had met　 B. have met　C. met　 D. meet 答案B ；首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。 2. --- Im sorry to keep you waiting. 　--- Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes. A. have been　 B. had been　 C. was　 D. will be 答案A ； 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。 七、过去完成时的用法 1、概念：表示过去的过去。 -----------|----------------|--------------------|---- 那时以前　 那时