Ch1财政学.pdfVIP

CHAPTER 1 Individuals and Government CHAPTER OUTLINE Individuals, Society, and Government The Allocation of Resource between Government and Private Use How Government Goods and Services Are Distributed The Mixed Economy, Markets, and Politics Circular Flow in the Mixed Economy International View: How Much Government? Government Expenditures in the United States Growth of Government Expenditures The Structure of Federal Government Expenditure in the United States State and Local Government Spending Financing Government Expenditure in the United States Public Policy Perspective: The State of State Government Finances Market Failure and the Functions of Government: How Much Government is Enough? Aging Populations: Implications for Public Finance Public Policy Perspective: The Graying of America: Implication for the Federal Government’s Budget OUTLINE OF THE APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 1 Indifference Curve Analysis Assumptions about Preferences Indifference Curves and Indifference Maps The Budget Constraint Consumer Equilibrium Changes in Income and Prices Income and Substitution Effects of Price Changes The Law of Demand Price Elasticity of Demand Consumer Surplus Using Indifference Curves to Explain the Allocation of Time 1 2 | Part One | The Economic Basis of Government Activity