_互助_和_自助_老年社会工作视角下_互助养老_模式探析_陈静.pdfVIP

北京青年政治学院学报 2013 年第4 期 老龄化问题 “互助”与 “自助”：老年社会工作视角下 “互助养老”模式探析 陈 静 江海霞* （华北电力大学法政系，河北保定 071002 ） 摘 要：“互助养老”是社会正式和非正式养老体系有机结合的重要模式，它内含了由老年人亲友熟人支持网络向社会陌 生老年群体延伸的层级性互助理念。老年人 “互助养老”的过程中通过友爱互助， 一定程度上实现由“被赡养”到“ 自助 养老”的角色转 ， 互助的过程中实现了自助。老年社会工作者应重视老年人群体构成和老年个体需求的异质性，关注 老年人同期群的身心特征，协助互助小组制定调适互助行为的规范，整合社会资源、构建“互助养老”的社会支持体系， 保障“互助养老”的健康有序发展。 关键词：老年社会工作；互助养老；互助；自助 中图分类号：C913.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1008-4002(2013)04-0036-08 “Mutual Aid”or “Self Aid”: the Study of Mutual Aid Pension Mold from the Perspective of Social Work with the Elderly CHEN Jin JIANG Haixia (School of Humanities Social Sciences, Social Sciences, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071002, China) Abstract: Mutual aid pension is one of the important molds in organism combination of formal and informal support pension systems. It contains the concepts of hierarchical mutual aid which the aged could extend to stranger from relatives acquaintances support networks. Elderly people should transform from dependents to self-aid elderly to some extent in the process of mutual love and mutual help. Social workers should pay attention to the composition of the elderly population, the differences of individual demand, the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly cohort, and at the same time they should help the mutual assistant group to develop the regulations of mutual assistant behavior, integrate social resources, establish social support system to ensure the healthy development of mutual aid pension mold. Key words: social work with the elderly; mutual aid pension; mutual aid; self-aid 我国在由传统社会向现代社会转变的过程中，经历了中西养老文化的冲突与融合。中国的养老体系 正处在择旧创新的时期，需要综合考虑城市与农村、正规与非正规、制度与习俗等多 面因素。现阶段 老年人群体的社会构成是复杂的，不同经 能力、文化程度、家庭背景的老年人并存于老龄社会，决定