关于汽车造型设计的英文文献.docxVIP

Developing a vehicle is an arduous process of design and evaluation, trial and error - constant improvement and adaptation. Initial design concepts go through a range of stages to bring them closer to realisation and modelling is key to evaluating a design at each stage. Modelling can take several forms. Traditionally, clay models have been used at various scales to help understand and resolve the form and proportions of a vehicle. To varying degrees, this has been supplemented, sometimes even replaced, by CAD modelling. Whilst clay is still a medium used to evaluate predominantly visual characteristics, CAD systems can additionally help evaluate other factors such as aerodynamics, impact scenarios and other physical considerations Clay Modelling Clay modelling is one of the most established 3D visualisation techniques used in the automotive industry. Clay modelling is one of the oldest a nd most traditional methods used in car design. Studios are divided in their preferences relating to CAD or clay but many believe that it remains one of the best ways to visualise developing designs in three-dimensions GM modellers use renderings, sketches and tape drawings as reference to create a 1/4 scale half model. Using a mirror in this way enables modellers to produce results more quickly. With full proportioned models, substantial time is spent balancing one side with the other. In this view it is possible to see the rig beneath the clay. In the rear wheel arch the base can be seen along with the core of light blue modelling foam. Clay has been used since the earliest stages of car design and emphasises the strong links between three-dimensional automotive styling and sculpture. Working on the form of a vehicle in clay is a very tight form of sculpture, reliant upon a expert eye and an advanced perception of form and proportion. Clay modellers work on the Holden FJ many decades ago. This practice is still common today. The modellers shown here are using, amongst other thin